The implementation of Vietnam's 2-tier local government model, officially launched on July 1, 2025, represents a significant administrative reform aimed at streamlining the state apparatus and enhancing public service delivery. This report analyzes the practical realities of this transition, focusing on the rearrangement of public non-business units, particularly in health and education, and the operational challenges and policy adjustments at the commune level.

**Arrangement of Public Non-Business Units: Health and Education, and Related Policies**

The restructuring of public non-business units, especially in the crucial sectors of health and education, is a cornerstone of the 2-tier local government reform. The overarching direction for this rearrangement was set forth in Công văn số 03/CV-BCĐ, issued on April 15, 2025, by the Steering Committee for administrative unit rearrangement and the establishment of the 2-tier local government model. This document provides a framework for public non-business units, including those in health and education, that are currently under the management of district-level People's Committees (UBND cấp huyện) ([xaydungchinhsach.chinhphu.vn, 2025-04-16](https://xaydungchinhsach.chinhphu.vn/dinh-huong-sap-xep-co-so-y-te-giao-duc-va-don-vi-su-nghiep-cong-lap-truc-thuoc-ubnd-cap-huyen-119250416113610383.htm)). The directive stipulates that the rearrangement of these units, whether through transfer or the establishment of new units directly under commune-level People's Committees (UBND cấp xã) after the restructuring, must adhere to the guidelines outlined in Kết luận 137-KL/TW and specific instructions from specialized ministries and sectors ([thuvienphapluat.vn, 2025-04-18](https://thuvienphapluat.vn/banan/tin-tuc/phuong-an-sap-xep-co-so-y-te-giao-duc-thuoc-ubnd-cap-huyen-sau-sap-nhap-15052)). This indicates a phased approach, with the Government expected to finalize the arrangement of health and education units once the 2-tier local government model is fully operational ([xaydungchinhsach.chinhphu.vn, 2025-04-16](https://xaydungchinhsach.chinhphu.vn/dinh-huong-sap-xep-co-so-y-te-giao-duc-va-don-vi-su-nghiep-cong-lap-truc-thuoc-ubnd-cap-huyen-119250416113610383.htm)).

Specific plans for the health and education sectors have begun to take shape based on Công văn 03/CV-BCĐ. In the **education sector**, public non-business units currently under district-level People's Committees are slated for transfer to the provincial Department of Education and Training (Sở Giáo dục và Đào tạo). Following this transfer, these units will be reorganized to provide services across inter-commune/ward areas, aiming for a more consolidated and efficient service delivery model ([thuvienphapluat.vn, 2025-04-18](https://thuvienphapluat.vn/banan/tin-tuc/phuong-an-sap-xep-co-so-y-te-giao-duc-thuoc-ubnd-cap-huyen-sau-sap-nhap-1505